Svartholma farraige fortress a bhí a tógadh ag sualainnis sa 18ú haois. Svartholma agus in aice leis Loviisa talamh a fortress a bhí ainmnithe go dtí cosanta straitéiseach bóthar ó Turku tu Viborg agus an Tsualainn-an Fhionlainn teorann thoir i gcoinne na Rúiseach. Svartholma tógála thosaigh i 1748 agus bhí sé den chuid is mó i gcrích i 1760 ar. Svartholma bhí tipiciúil bastion córas lena n-áirítear ceithre bastions agus seachtrach a dhaingniú.
Svartholma bhí ról suntasach i Russo-sualainnis Cogadh 1788-1790. Bhí sé ina cabhlaigh daingean le haghaidh na sualainne cabhlach nuair a bhíonn sé defeated Rúiseach i Ruotsinsalmi cath. Sa an Cogadh na fionlainne (1808-1809) Svartholma a bhí an chéad uair a ionsaí ag oirthear na naimhde. An rúisis airtléire fired treallach ag an fortress, ach gan aon damáiste tromchúiseach a bhí inflicted. Mar sin féin, na sualainne oifigigh, faoi stiúir Carl Magnus Gripenberg cinneadh a capitulate an fortress, beagnach gan troid ar Márta 18, 1808.
Svartholma chaill sé a strategical tábhacht a bhaineann le rith na rúise tréimhse. Bhí sé in úsáid go páirteach mar bhunáit mhíleata, agus go páirteach mar phríosún ar feadh na fionlainne príosúnaigh. An fortress folamh a bhí scriosta den chuid is mó ag an na Breataine le linn an dara Cogadh Criméaigh (1855).
Náisiúnta na fionlainne Bord na Seaniarsmaí a bhí athchóiriú ar an fortress ó na 1960í, agus an obair a bhí ar deireadh réidh i 1998. Sa lá atá inniu Svartholma is díol spéise do thurasóirí tóir le músaem agus turais treoraithe siúlóide. Tá sé indéanta chun cuairt a thabhairt ann ar bhád farantóireachta-bád i rith an tsamhraidh am.
Tagairtí:
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